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| Curry Patta: A common medicine | | |
DR. VIKAS SHARMA AND SHILPA RAINA
Murraya koenigii, often known as the curry-leaf tree, is a member of the Rutaceae family and is endemic to India, Sri Lanka, and other South Asian nations. It is found practically everywhere in the Indian subcontinent, and it has a fragrant character. It is a deciduous shrub or tree that may grow up to 6 m tall and 15-40 cm in diameter. M. koenigii is a plant with several medicinal uses in traditional medicine.
M. koenigii is utilized as a stimulant, antidysentric and for the control of diabetes mellitus in ethanomedicine. The plant is highly prized for its leaves, which are used in Indian cuisine to stimulate appetite and digestion. Internally, the leaves are used to treat dysentery and to prevent vomiting. The leaves’ steam distillate can be used as a stomachic, purgative, febrifuge and antianemic. It is also beneficial in the treatment of leucoderma and blood problems. To stop vomiting, a tea made from the roasted leaves is recommended. Externally, the leaves are administered to bruises and eruptions.
The leaves and roots are bitter, acrid, cooling, anti-helminthic, analgesic and used to treat piles, body heat, thirst, inflammation and itching. Crushed leaves are administered topically to treat skin eruptions and burns. Externally, applied leaf pastes are used to treat dangerous animal attacks. The herb is said to have tonic and stomachic properties. Fruits are also thought to be astringent in Indo-China. The fruits are known to have extremely high nutritional qualities as well as several therapeutic characteristics.
M. koenigii branches are particularly popular for cleaning the teeth, used as datun. It is also believed that M. koenigii branches can be utilized to strengthen gums and teeth. It has also been used as an antiperiodic and the powdered dry leaf, combined with honey and betel nut juice, is frequently suggested in the Ayurvedic medicine.
The presence of essential phytochemicals in the plant makes it beneficial for treating many diseases and has the potential to provide valuable medicines for human use. Carbohydrates, phenolics, alkaloids, sterols, tannins, volatile oils, saponins, anthroquinone glycosides and flavanoids are among the phytochemicals identified.
The fragrant leaves include proteins, carbohydrates, fiber, minerals, carotene, nicotinic acid, and vitamin C, oxalic acid, crystalline glycosides, alkaloids, and yellow colored volatile oil. Fruit pulp typically comprises moisture, carbohydrates and a trace amount of tannin and acids.
Mahanimbine, a chemical component of Curry leaves, was shown to have anti-diabetic properties. The mahanimbine may lower blood sugar levels by potentiating the insulin action, either by boosting pancreatic production of insulin from beta cells or by enhancing peripheral glucose absorption.
The aqueous extract of M. koenigii leaves can be used as an antiulcer medication. M. koenigii seeds were found to have considerable inhibitory effect against castor oil-induced diarrhea, as well as a significant decrease in gastro-intestinal motility. The methanolic extract of Curry Patta protected against chromosomal damage caused by radiation RT and cyclophosphamide CP. Murraya koenigii leaves have been shown to have substantial wound healing ability.
According to the findings, M. koenigii has the highest antibacterial activity against both gram positive and gram negative strains. M. koenigii substantially suppressed Staphylococcus epidermidis. It was proposed that an aryl hydroxyl group on the carbazole ring aids in thermal oxidation and reaction rate against DPPH radicals.
Mahanimbine and koenigine, two carbazole alkaloids isolated from M. koenigii leaves, shown antioxidant action. Koenigine also exhibited strong radical scavenging capabilities.
The sun protection factor of a cream containing M. koenigii leaf essential oil was discovered. The cream was shown to be beneficial in preserving natural skin pigmentation or as an addition in other formulations to increase action.The extracted carbazole alkaloid Koenoline from the root bark of M. koenigii demonstrated cytotoxic action against the KB cell culture system, MCF-7, HeLa, P388 and human leukemia cell line HL-60, as well as inducing mitochondrial membrane potential loss.
Girinimbine, extracted from M. koenigii stem bark, was utilized to demonstrate in-vitro anti-tumor promoting action by calculating the percentage inhibition of produced early antigen. M. koenigii clearly merits examination along contemporary scientific lines such as phytochemical study, biological assessment on experimental animal models, toxicity studies, molecular mechanism of action of isolated phytoprinciples and clinical trials. It is the finest traditional technique for discovering novel lead compounds for the treatment of many illnesses.
Murraya koenigii revealed that it is a common medicine among many ethnic groups, Vaidyas, Hakims and Ayurvedic practitioners for the treatment of a range of illnesses. Researchers have made relatively little effort to investigate the medicinal properties of this herb, despite traditional and folk claims. It is worth noting that pure compounds and crude organic extracts of Murraya koenigii leaves have been tested for pharmacological activities and found to have anti-diabetic, cholesterol-lowering, anti-diarrhea, cytotoxic, antioxidant, antiulcer, antimicrobial and antibacterial potential and many other beneficial medicinal properties. |
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