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| Brief Details about forcable conversion and En Mass Migrations of Kashmiri Pandit from their Homeland..... | | Kashmiri Pandits (also known as Sarswat Brahmins in their traditional dress of yester years) | | Autar Krishan Trisal | 2/6/2019 10:53:27 PM |
| The Kashmiri Pandits are a Saraswat Brahmins community from Kashmir valley, a mountainous region in the Indian state of Jammu and Kashmir. Kashmiri Pandits are the original inhabitants of Kashmir valley.
Kashmiri Pandits have history of over 5000 years. The caste system of the Kashmir region was influenced by the influx of Buddhism from the time of king Ashoka around 3rd centaury BCE and a consequence of this was that the traditional lines of Varna were blurred with the exception of that for the Brahmin's , who remained aloof from the changes. Another notable feature of earlier Kashmiri society was the relative high regard in which women were held when compared to their position in other communities of the period.
A historically contested region India was subject to attack from Turkic and Arab regions from the 8th centuary onwards but they generally ignored the circled Kashmir valley in favour of easier pickings elsewhere. It was not untill the 14thcentaury that Muslim rule was finally established in the valley and when this happened it did not occur primarily as a concequence of invasion so much as because of internal problems resulting from the weak rule of Lohara dynasty.
MIGRATION-1st
ZUL QADIR KHAN@ DULUCH:- A Turkish Tartar reigned Kashmir for eight months in 1320 AD and resorted to loot and plunder of Hindus resulting in the death of many. He took 20,000 Kahmiri's (then all Hindus), including women and children , for sale as slaves in Turkistan but the whole lot perished in cold snow while crossing the "Devsar pass" a place reffered to as Bata Sagan (Brahmins death oven). Jonaraja a kashmiri historian described the period as Pralaya wherein rivers and streams turned red with human blood. Later, Rinchen a Buddhist fugitivre from Ladakh seized power after deceitfully murdering Ram Chandra, the self proclaimed king. He was trickly converted by Bulbul Shah, another refugee from Turkitan, who was like Rinchen granted refugee by king Sahdeva. The Zealot convert assumed the name of Sadruddin and used brutal vigour and force for mass conversion. His campaign was incited, aided and abetted by Bulbul Shah, who advised the king to persecute and tyrannise the resistant Hindus with all fair and foul means, like compulsion, Taxation, unjust laws, use of sword and forceable intermarriages . Rinchen's rule lasted for brief period till his death in 1323 AD.
MIGRATION-2nd
During the rule of Sultan Qutub Ud-Din(1373-89AD) about 700 Sayyids and a large numbers of Sufi Saints and Islamic scholar, accompanied by Ali Hamdani came to Kashmir from Persia and Central Asia and successfully drew wedge between the majority Hindus and minority converts to Islam. He prescribed model of hatred, distrust, intolerance and bigotry against Kashmiri Hindu's. Under the dictates of sayyids, Qutub Ud-Din converted 3700 Hindu's to Islam. Sultan Sikander (1389-1413 AD) notoriously known as Sikander But Shikani spread BarBarism further on and issued an atrocious order, under the influence of Baihaqi Sayyids, led by Mohammad Hamdani son of Ali Hamdani, for bidding Hindu's from applying "Tilak" on their forehead and launched relentless campaign for conversation to Islam urged the hindu's to opt for conversation or exile or death. The cleric urged him to wipe out infidelity root and brand. The two rein forced Malik Safud-din, a rabid neo-convert originally named Suha Bhatta, who was appointed Chief Minister, to unleash a rein of terror against those resisting conversion. He threw into Dal Lake all the sacred of the Hindu's. Seven maunds of sacred thread of the murdered Hindu's were also burnt. Many Hindu's migrated to various places in india (after reaching Kishtwar and Bhaderwar via Simthan pass through Bhatta wath (present day of Batote), path of the Bhattas, which kashmiri Hindu's were then popularly reffered to as. From this period onwards the Predominance of Muslim population in the Kashmir valley began.
This was, however followed by virtual golden period of peace, harmony and dignity during the rule of SULTAN ZAIN - UL - ABDIN @BADSHAH( 1420-70 AD), who was most tolerant and benevolent. Historian Srivara described the period like the cooling sandal paste after the heat of summer in a desert has departed. He allowed rebuilding of demolished temples, removed all restriction against Hindu's. Banned COW SLAUGHTER and killing of fish in ponds considered sacred by Hindu's. Above all BADSHAH recalled Hindu's who had fled the valley due to persecution and assigned them responsible positions on merit. He also got Hindu shastras as also Mahabharata translated into Persian.
MIGRATION-3rd
Chaks, with well built body and wild nature, came to valley from Dardistan area of Gilgit-Hunza region, and when Shahmir a refugee forced to flee from Swat, founded his Sultanate (1339-42 AD). He recruited chaks in the army thus affording them a place of prominence. Chaks were Shias by faith and adopted policy of conversion by Coercion, loot , plunder and butchering of kashmiri Hindu's. when Sultan Fateh Shah proclaimed himself as ruler (1506-16 AD) he became a tool in the hands of intriguing Shamus Chak and his three friends, namely, Nusrat Raina, Sarhang Raina, and Moosa Raina . Later Moosa Raina took over as Chief Minister from Shamus Chak, and his Shia mentor named, Shamus-ud-din Iraqi, hailing from Talish on the Caspian sea-an Islamic propagator and converter of non believers opened floodgates of repression, terror and cruelty with demolition of Temples to erect Mosques on their foundation. 24000 Brahmins were converted to Islam during his period in 1517 AD, Mohammad Shah appointed Ghazi Chak a shia, as Chief Minister, who later founded the Chak Dynasty rule in 1561 AD. He also gave no quarter and no time for recovery to the distressed Kashmiri Hindu's he used to get 900 Hindu's beheaded every day for not having accepted Islam he also ordered Slaughter of 1000 cows, whom hindu's held as sacred, to wreck vengeance and shock them into accepting Islam. Hindu's wearing sacred theard had to pay annual tax to Chak Rulers. Yaqub Chak, a rank communalist, even got Hindu's hauled up in their houses to roast them alive. Inumerable Hindu's left their homes and hearths and while fleeing Barrage of spitefull abuse was let loose to prevent their return to the land of their Heritage.
This was followed by another spell of respite for Hindu's when Kashmir became a province of Mughal Empire. Emperor AKBAR (1556-1605 AD) visited valley thrice in 1589, 1598 and 1601 AD. He was admittedly highly tolerant and refrained from following into the net of religious Zeal. He never resorted to the policy of persecution and discrimination against Hindu's. many Hindu's who had fled to safer places outside to save their lives, honor and dignity found conditions in their homeland highly conducive for honorable return, of course shocked, to find their homes looted and plundered during the period of their absence. |
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