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| Enclave Denizens Get Light | | | D.K.Kotwal | 8/10/2015 11:09:18 PM |
| I may remind you a saying that God gives unasked. We got an asked freedom from the Britishers yoke after a prolonged struggle but this asked freedom did not trickle down the fifty thousand souls living on East Pakistan (Bangladesh) and India's border. They had anxiety writ large on their faces , they slipped from bad to worst condition almost becoming stateless. They lived in enclaves which are distinctly bounded areas enclosed within a larger one. The Indian territories were surrounded by Bangladesh main land and vice versa .Here in these enclaves the life was different from the normal one .In real practice they were not ruled by any govt and were stateless. No traces of development were visible, people led a barbaric life and virtually crime was at the top. It became difficult for one nation to administer its enclave falling within the territories of other as they had to fulfil a number of formalities before entering the other nation's land. Downturn in bilateral ties meant denial of entry, even when the relations were cozy it took a week or a fortnight to complete the complex formalities to gain entry into the enclaves and that too during Shaikh Hasina's rule.
Come, we may have a glance over the circumstances that made such a large section of population lead an inhuman life that deprived them to taste the freedom and come out from darkness to ray of light that dawned upon them on mid-night of July 31 ,2015.It will further be an injustice to the already suffered people if we don't cast a look upon the journey full of thorns of 68 long years traversed to come into contact with a ray of light and hope shown by Modi Govt. after a prolonged spells of hibernation of erstwhile govts of UPA and NDA but these dispensations cannot be off the hook and shrug of their responsibilities of not bringing their citizens out of the morass of no rule.
After the partition of India in 1947 Rangpurwas joined to East Pakistan (Bangladesh) and Coochbehar Distt was merged with India in 1949 .The de-enclaving work was manifested in a 1958 agreement between Feroz Khan Noon and Jawahar Lal Nehru Prime Ministers. The agreement could not be executed because of deteriorated relations between India and Pakistan though the ninth amendment was introduced into the Indian Constitution for the transfer of the land on the ruling of the Supreme Court.
The matter was again taken after East Pakistan became independent as Bangladesh in 1971 following Bangladesh Liberation War. The historical land boundary agreement was signed between Indira Gandhi and Sheikh Mujeeb-ul-Rehman which paved a way for the exchange of enclaves and surrender of adverse possessions .Bangladesh quickly ratified the agreement but India failed to do so .A joint census in 2010 found 51,549 people residing in these enclaves;37,334 in Indian enclaves within the land of Bangladesh and 14,215 in Bangladesh enclaves within India .In September 2010 India signed the additional protocol for 1974 land boundary agreement with Bangladesh. Both countries announced intention to swap 162 enclaves giving residents a choice of nationality. Under the agreement India received 51 of the 71 Bangladesh enclaves while Bangladesh 95 to 101 of the 103 Indian enclaves that are inside Bangladesh.
Accordingly the constitution (119th amendment )Bill 2013 was introduced in the Rajya Sabha in December 18,2013 and was passed on May 6, 2015 and the Lok Sabha approved it on the following day and the President gave his assent on May 28,2015.Ascending to the throne Mr Modi realising the geo-political advantages of such a pact on June 06, 2015 ,he was successful to give a practical shape to the pact with the help of Bangladesh Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina. The physical exchange of enclaves and land parcels in adverse possessions and boundary wall demarcation was to be implemented by July 31, 2015 and June 30,2016 in phases .
This seminal event took place in a few forgotten parts of India and Bangladesh at the stroke of midnight. India and Bangladesh transferred 162 enclaves ending the sub-human existence of over fifty thousand stateless people. Enclave system was an absurd arrangement. The Indian authorities had to complete extensive formalities before they could enter their enclaves in Bangladesh. No one in the 21st century believes that the sizeable section of population in thousands lives an inhuman life without the stewardship of the country but we are transfixed to know the stark reality that fifty thousand population of two democracies of the world-the biggest one India and Bangladesh the other were living patron less till midnight of 31st July 2015.
The outcome of the enclave formation was absolutely disgusting and distressing. The fifty thousand inhabitants of the enclave never caste votes ,were dependent upon quacks, had no electricity, schools, colleges, health care centres and only criminals had a free run of the places. All now this has become a history. New national flags will flutter in these enclaves and the residents will get citizenship cards after sixty eight years of a long long life.
The relations between India and its small neighbour Bangladesh have significantly improved since Bangladesh Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina promised that her administration would not allow India's separatist insurgents to use the porous 4000 KM border to carry out raids in India. The boundary wall dispute has been lingering since British Colonialists carved Pakistan out of India in 1947.As of now all these issues have been solved. Soon these enclaves start living peacefully a life of progress and development.
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